Which direction do contour lines on a topographic map typically represent?

Contour lines on a topographic map represent both elevation and slope. These lines are used to depict the three-dimensional shape of the terrain on a two-dimensional surface. Each contour line connects points of equal elevation, providing a clear visual representation of how high or low the land is at any given point.

Moreover, the spacing of the contour lines gives crucial information about the slope of the terrain. When contour lines are closely spaced, it indicates a steep slope, while widely spaced lines suggest a gentle slope. This combination of elevation and spacing provides a comprehensive understanding of the landscape, enabling effective navigation and planning for various activities, whether it be hiking, surveying, or military operations.

Thus, understanding how to interpret contour lines is essential for grasping the elevation changes and terrain slope, contributing significantly to land navigation skills.